truth about NAD+ anti-aging

NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) has become the latest generation of anti-aging products that have been widely sought after by the scientific research community, the wealthy circle, and the investment community in recent years. It has been tracked and reported by world-class scientific journals such as nature and cell. NASA(National Space Administration) uses NAD+ supplements to protect astronauts from space radiation and repair DNA. Harvard Medical School professor David Sinclair, Li Ka-shing, Pan Shiyi and other elite tycoons have long been taking NAD+ supplements for anti-aging and longevity.

How important is NAD+ to our human body exactly?

The human body is composed of approximately 37 trillion cells, and each of your 37 trillion cells relies on NAD+ to perform its "job" to maintain itself.

Without NAD+, your heart will not be able to pump blood through veins.

Your lungs won't inhale any air and the neurons in your brain won't be activated.

Without this key molecule, no important organ in your body would function [1].

Five anti-aging functions of NAD+

NAD⁺ is a crucial coenzyme within cells, participating in core life activities such as energy metabolism, DNA repair, and the regulation of SIRT longevity genes.

As early as 2021, the Buck Institute for Aging Research, which is dedicated to anti-aging research, had already detailed the role of NAD+ in metabolic pathways, DNA repair, cellular immunity and aging in its research published in Nature.

Studies have shown that NAD+ can directly and indirectly affect many key cellular functions, including metabolic pathways, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, cellular senescence and immune function, which are precisely the cellular processes crucial for maintaining tissue and metabolic homeostasis as well as healthy aging.

function of NAD+

❶ Improve the metabolic system; ❷ Enhance cardiovascular function; ❸ Repair immune function; ❹ Alleviate neurodegeneration; Anti-aging and longevity.

NAD+ is not only a core molecule in energy metabolism but also plays a key role in multiple physiological processes.

1. Improve metabolic system

The decline of NAD+ can lead to metabolic disorders and increase the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

Studies have shown that increasing NAD+ levels can significantly improve metabolic function.

As a study published in Nature Communications in 2018 showed, supplementing the NAD+ precursor NMN could increase the insulin secretion capacity of pancreatic beta cells by 55%, thereby improving blood sugar control.

2. Delay vascular aging

In 2018 an expert team from Harvard Medical School in the United States published an article titled "Impairment of an Endothelial NAD+-H2S Signaling Network Is a Reversible Cause of Vascular" in the authoritative SCI journal "Cell" The research article "Aging" elaborates in detail on the role of NAD+ in anti-vascular aging.

The increase of NAD+ can enhance the growth capacity of blood vessels, reduce cell death, and prevent age-related vascular aging.

3. Repair immune function

As people age, the function of the immune system gradually declines, and NAD+ plays a key role in regulating the immune response.

For instance, a study published in Science in 2019 demonstrated that supplementing NAD+ can lower the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and restore the activity of immune cells.

Experiments show that NAD+ intervention can enhance the immune cell function of aged mice by 40%.

4. Alleviate neurodegeneration

The protective effect of NAD+ on the nervous system has been widely verified in the research of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

For instance, a study published in "Nature Aging" in 2020 showed that increasing NAD+ levels can reduce the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein and improve brain cognitive function.

Experiments show that supplementing NAD+ precursors can enhance the cognitive ability of Alzheimer's disease model mice by 60%.

5. Anti-aging and longevity

NAD+ delays aging by activating longevity proteins Sirtuins and enhancing mitochondrial function.

For instance, a study published in Cell in 2013 demonstrated that increasing NAD+ levels could extend the lifespan of mice by 31%.

NAD+ can also reduce the accumulation of senescent cells and delay tissue degeneration.

NAD+ decreases with age

Although NAD+ can be synthesized in the body through three pathways: "de novo synthesis", "salvage synthesis", and "deamidation synthesis", with age, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and other factors can interfere with these two synthesis pathways, leading to a gradual decline in its efficiency. The reasons are as follows [2] :

Obstacles in de novo synthesis pathways

Key enzymes such as IDO1 become abnormally active during the aging process, resulting in excessive consumption of the raw material L-tryptophan.

Reduced efficiency of remedial synthesis: The expression of rate-limiting enzymes (such as NAMPT) required for the synthesis of NAD+ decreases;

Increased consumption of NAD+ : DNA

References

• [1] IMAI S, GUARENTE L. NAD+ and sirtuins in aging and disease [J]. Trends Cell Biol, 2014, 24(8): 464-71.

• [2] GRANT R, BERG J, MESTAYER R, et al. A Pilot Study Investigating Changes in the Human Plasma and Urine NAD+ Metabolome During a 6 Hour Intravenous Infusion of NAD [J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2019, 11: 257.

• [3]RAJMAN L, CHWALEK K, SINCLAIR D A. Therapeutic Potential of NAD-Boosting Molecules: The In Vivo Evidence [J]. Cell Metab, 2018, 27(3): 529-547.

• [4]COVARRUBIAS A J, PERRONE R, GROZIO A, VERDIN E. NAD(+) metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2021, 22(2): 119-41.

• [4] LIAO B, ZHAO Y, WANG D, et al. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners: a randomized, double-blind study [J]. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 2021, 18(1): 54.

• [5] COVARRUBIAS A J, PERRONE R, GROZIO A, VERDIN E. NAD(+) metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing [J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2021, 22(2): 119-41.

Tag: NAD+, NAD, anti aging

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